Gynaecomastia

Medical practice specialising in gynaecomastia procedures in Bari

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  • Gynecomastia surgery for men

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Cardone Associates Medical Practice: high-quality aesthetic surgery since 1988. Effective solutions for excessive development of male breasts in Bari.


The surgeons at Cardone Associates Medical Practice in Bari can provide effective solutions for gynaecomastia, which is the abnormal development of male breasts. This can occur during puberty and may atrophy quickly. If atrophy does not occur, there can be an increase in volume that only has psychological consequences.

A similar condition can also occur due to excessive conversion of testosterone into oestrogen, in some cases of hyperprolactinaemia, hormone use, or the liver's inability to effectively eliminate excess oestrogen.

In these cases, it is referred to as true gynaecomastia. In other cases, the increase in volume is due to the accumulation of adipose tissue in the breast area, and this is known as false gynaecomastia or lipomastia.

Causes of true gynaecomastia

True gynaecomastia is related to an excess of prolactin or oestrogen, the latter being related to an excess of aromatase activity in the chest or SHBG levels in the blood. In such cases, oestrogen inhibitors can be used, such as tamoxifen (brand name Nolvadex) or anastrozole (brand name Arimidex).

Other factors that influence breast development include glucocorticoids, growth hormone (GH), insulin, and thyroxine.

True and false gynaecomastia sometimes occur simultaneously. The aesthetic surgery procedures performed by Cardone Associates Medical Practice in Bari are aimed at preventing the psychological issues associated with these conditions.

  • Before and after gynaecomastia

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  • Before and after macro-gynaecomastia

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Characteristics of macro-gynaecomastia

The specialists at Cardone Associates Medical Practice in Bari refer to macro-gynaecomastia when the development of male breasts is evident. To identify macro-gynaecomastia, a simple measurement is sufficient: if the measurement above the breast is more than 5 centimetres greater than the measurement under the breast (from cup B and beyond, looking at the corresponding bra size system), the individual not only has gynaecomastia but can be classified as having macro-gynaecomastia, which means markedly developed male breasts.

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